| Robert | |
|---|---|
| Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia | |
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| Tenure | 16 April 1917 – 7 February 1996 |
| Spouse | Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta |
| Issue | |
| Archduchess Maria Beatrice Archduke Lorenz Archduke Gerhard Archduke Martin Archduchess Isabella |
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| Full name | |
| Robert Karl Ludwig Maximilian Michael Maria Anton Franz Ferdinand Joseph Otto Hubert Georg Pius Johannes Marcus d'Aviano | |
| House | House of Habsburg-Lorraine |
| Born | 8 February 1915 Schönbrunn |
| Died | 7 February 1996 (aged 80) Basel |
Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia (Schönbrunn, 8 February 1915 – Basel, 7 February 1996), was born as the second son of Karl I, (beatified) last Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and Zita of Bourbon-Parma.
On 16 April 1917, at the age of two, Robert was created Archduke of Austria-Este by his father, the Emperor. Archduke Robert was thereby chosen to preserve, in the form of a distinct secundogeniture, the Habsburg-Lorraine representation of the once-sovereign Duchy of Modena which had belonged to the House of Este. He was thus made heir to his assassinated relative Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, (1863–1914), who had inherited in 1875 the Austria-Este designation and what had been salvaged of the Este fortune when the duchy was annexed to Italy in 1860.
Archduke Robert descended through his Habsburg father from Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena, and his mother Zita was a descendant of Maria Beatrice d'Este, heiress of Modena and her husband, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. Thus the lineage of the last Este dukes, in female descent, remained joined to the Austria-Este legacy. Archduke Robert eventually adopted use for himself and his descendants in male line the surname Austria-Este, and he took also the title Duke of Este, intended henceforth to be borne by the head of the Austria-Este branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
Upon his death in 1996, he was succeeded as head of this line by his son, Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Prince of Belgium (born 1955). Although the marriage of his eldest son to Princess Astrid of Belgium, former heiress presumptive to the Kingdom of Belgium, relegated use of the Austria-Este archdukedom to a secondary title in that realm, the title continues in use elsewhere among his cadet descendants.
Archduke Robert married Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta (born 7 April 1930), elder daughter of the late Amadeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta on 28 December 1953 in Bourg-en-Bresse, France (civilly) and 29 December 1953 (religiously), in Brou, France.
The couple had five children, all of whom use the designation of Austria-Este:
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Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este
Cadet branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Born: 8 February 1915 Died: 7 February 1996 |
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| Titles in pretence | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Karl I of Austria |
Archduke of Austria-Este 1917–1996 |
Succeeded by Archduke Lorenz |
| - TITULAR - Duke of Modena 1917–1996 |
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| Austro-Hungarian royalty | ||
| Preceded by Otto von Habsburg |
- TITULAR - Heir to the Austrian-Hungarian throne 1 April 1922 – 11 January 1961 |
Succeeded by Karl Habsburg-Lothringen |
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