| Original author(s) | James Tauber, Luke Leighton, Google |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Luke Leighton |
| Initial release | March, 2007 |
| Stable release | 0.8 / June 1, 2012 |
| Written in | Python, JavaScript |
| Operating system | Windows, Mac OS X, Linux |
| Available in | Python |
| Type | Ajax framework, Desktop and Web Widget toolkit, Compiler, Widget set |
| License | Apache License 2.0 |
| Website | pyjs.org |
Pyjamas is a tool and framework for developing the client-side of Ajax-based applications in Python. The resulting applications can be run in an Internet browser or as standalone desktop application.
It contains a stand-alone Python-to-JavaScript compiler, an Ajax framework and widget toolkit, and through use of these components, developers can write comprehensive applications, to run in all major web browsers, without writing any JavaScript. Pyjamas is a port of Google Web Toolkit from Java to Python.
Using Pyjamas, developers can write web applications in Python instead of Java. The application is compiled to JavaScript. Also included is an Ajax library and widget set that provides access to the DOM model of modern JavaScript-capable web browsers. The Ajax library and the widget set library are a hybrid mix of Python and JavaScript. Just as with GWT, "Pyjamas is not its libraries", and neither is it "yet another Ajax framework". Ajax Frameworks are strictly limited to providing pre-prepared specific functionality, written almost exclusively in tailor-made JavaScript. Both GWT and Pyjamas, being JavaScript compilers, allow the developer to work in the language with which they are familiar (Java or Python, respectively), to write their own custom widgets, either entirely from scratch or based on the existing available widgets, yet still target the full range of modern browsers. So, far from presenting web developers with a fait-accompli Ajax Framework, Pyjamas gives you the freedom to develop your own.
The Pyjamas compiler is written in Python, and uses the Python programming language to compile its input into JavaScript, walking the abstract syntax tree of the program being compiled. Although the compiler is stand-alone, the primary use of Pyjamas is for web development, so there is additional infrastructure for building web applications.
The DOM.py model library is an abstraction layer - a thin layer of Python on top of JavaScript code snippets - use of which provides access to the full document object model of the target browser platform. As with any compiler, the JavaScript snippets are treated as inline assembler.
Furthermore, on top of the DOM.py model library is an additional abstraction layer, ui.py, which provides the most useful layer to web developers: a full suite of widgets with which desktop application developers will be familiar. At present, the list of available widgets is a mixture of the complete set of widgets that were available in Google Web Toolkit 1.2, along with a few more that have been forward-ported from GWT 1.5.
The major Pyjamas components include:
The widget set library that comes with Pyjamas is so similar to PyQt and PyGTK that a port of Pyjamas was made to run Pyjamas applications on the desktop, called Pyjamas-Desktop. The project uses Webkit, XULRunner or MSHTML as the underlying technology, and it is through these browser engines that Pyjamas manipulates the DOM model of the application. Pyjamas and Pyjamas Desktop allow writing cross-platform, cross-desktop, cross-browser and cross-widget applications that run on the web and on the desktop.
On May 2, 2012 the leadership roles of the project came into question. Prior to May 2, 2012 Leighton acted as project lead, and operated the project according to free software principles. After taking control of the pyjs.org domain name and copying the mailing list data without members' permission, a group of developers critical of the leadership methods of Leighton effectively ousted him from his role by transferring the project to non-free resources.Empty citation (help) Talks were held with the Python Software Foundation to have the project transferred to and run by the PSF, but the talks stalled after the PSF learned that, in direct violation of the UK Data Protection Act 1998, the mailing list data had been copied without Leighton's permission or knowledge, and without the consent of or consultation with any of its members.
Most alternatives to Pyjamas are translators rather than frameworks.
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