List of sovereign states

"List of nations" and "List of countries" redirect here. For other country lists, see Lists of countries and territories. For other national lists, see List of lists of national institutions and symbols. For non-sovereign dependencies, see Dependent territory.

This is a list of sovereign states giving an overview of states around the world with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty.

The list contains 206 entries. The states are divided using two distinct methods:

The membership within the United Nations system column divides the states into two categories: 193 member states and two observer states, and 11 other states.
The sovereignty disputes column divides the states into two categories: 190 undisputed states and 16 states whose sovereignty is disputed.

Compiling a list such as this can be a difficult and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerning the criteria for statehood. For more information on the criteria used to determine the contents of this list, please see the criteria for inclusion section below.

List of states [edit]

Short and formal names	Membership within the UN System	Sovereignty dispute	Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty
A AAA	A AAA	A AAA
ZZZ↓ UN member states or observer states ↓	A AAA	ZZZ
ZZZAbkhazia → Abkhazia	A UN member state	A None
Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan	A UN member state	A None
Albania – Republic of Albania	A UN member state	A None
Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria	A UN member state	A None
Andorra – Principality of Andorra	A UN member state	A None	Andorra is a co-principality in which the office of head of state is jointly held ex officio by the French president and the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Urgell, who himself is appointed by the Holy See.
Angola – Republic of Angola	A UN member state	A None
Antigua and Barbuda	A UN member state	A None	Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm with 1 autonomous region, Barbuda.
Argentina – Argentine Republic	A UN member state	A None	Argentina is a federation of 23 provinces and 1 autonomous city. Argentina claims sovereignty over the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom. Argentina claims Argentine Antarctica as part of its national territory, officially a department of the province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands, which overlaps with the claims of the UK and Chile.
Armenia – Republic of Armenia	A UN member state	Not recognised by Pakistan
Australia – Commonwealth of Australia	A UN member state	A None	Australia is a Commonwealth realm and a federation of 6 states and 10 territories. The external territories of Australia are: Ashmore and Cartier Islands Australian Antarctic Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Coral Sea Islands Territory Heard Island and McDonald Islands Norfolk Island
Austria – Republic of Austria	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Austria is a federation of 9 states (Bundesländer).
Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan	A UN member state	A None	Azerbaijan contains 2 autonomous regions, Nakhchivan and Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ). In Nagorno-Karabakh, a de facto state has been established.
Bahamas, The – Commonwealth of The Bahamas	A UN member state	A None	The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.
Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain	A UN member state	A None
Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh	A UN member state	A None
Barbados	A UN member state	A None	Barbados is a Commonwealth realm.
Belarus – Republic of Belarus	A UN member state	A None
Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Belgium is a federation divided into linguistic communities and regions.
Belize	A UN member state	A None	Belize is a Commonwealth realm.
Benin – Republic of Benin	A UN member state	A None
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan	A UN member state	A None
Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia	A UN member state	A None
Bosnia and Herzegovina	A UN member state	A None	Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federation of 2 constituent units: Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Republika Srpska and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative unit.
Botswana – Republic of Botswana	A UN member state	A None
Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil	A UN member state	A None	Brazil is a federation of 26 states and 1 federal district.
Brunei – State of Brunei, Abode of Peace	A UN member state	A None	Brunei claims sovereignty over part of the Spratly Islands.
Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Burkina Faso	A UN member state	A None
Burma – Republic of the Union of Myanmar	A UN member state	A None
Burundi – Republic of Burundi	A UN member state	A None
Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia	A UN member state	A None
Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon	A UN member state	A None
Canada	A UN member state	A None	Canada is a Commonwealth realm and a federation of 10 provinces and 3 territories.
Cape Verde – Republic of Cape Verde	A UN member state	A None
Central African Republic	A UN member state	A None
Chad – Republic of Chad	A UN member state	A None
Chile – Republic of Chile	A UN member state	A None	Easter Island and the Juan Fernández Islands are "special territories" of Chile in the Valparaíso Region. Chile claims part of Antarctica as a commune in its Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. Its claim overlaps with those of the UK and Argentina.
China – People's Republic of China	A UN member state	Claimed by the Republic of China	The People's Republic of China (PRC) contains five autonomous regions, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet. Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of: Hong Kong Macau China is not recognised by 22 UN member states and the Holy See, which instead recognise Taiwan (the Republic of China). China claims, but does not control, the de facto independent Taiwan, and the Indian-controlled South Tibet. India claims the Chinese-controlled Aksai Chin. China has some control over the disputed Paracel and Spratly Islands.
China, Republic of → Taiwan	A UN member state	A None
Colombia – Republic of Colombia	A UN member state	A None	The Bajo Nuevo Bank and Serranilla Bank are under various claims by Honduras, Nicaragua, Jamaica, and the United States.
Comoros – Union of the Comoros	A UN member state	A None	Comoros is a federation of 3 islands, and claims Mayotte, part of France, as a fourth. Comoros also disputes French sovereignty over Banc du Geyser.
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	A UN member state	A None
Congo, Republic of the	A UN member state	A None
ZZZCook Islands → Cook Islands	A UN member state	A None
Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica	A UN member state	A None
Côte d'Ivoire – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)	A UN member state	A None
Croatia – Republic of Croatia	A UN member state	A None
Cuba – Republic of Cuba	A UN member state	A None
Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus	A UN member state	Not recognised by Turkey and Northern Cyprus	Member of the EU. The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus. See Foreign relations of Cyprus and Cyprus dispute. Turkey refers to the Republic of Cyprus government as "The Greek Cypriot Administration of South Cyprus".
Czech Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Democratic People's Republic of Korea → Korea, North	A UN member state	A None
Democratic Republic of the Congo → Congo, Democratic Republic of the	A UN member state	A None
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. The Danish Realm also includes two self-governing territories: Faroe Islands (Føroyar/Færøerne) Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat/Grønland)
Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti	A UN member state	A None
Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica	A UN member state	A None
Dominican Republic	A UN member state	A None
East Timor – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste	A UN member state	A None
Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador	A UN member state	A None
Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt	A UN member state	A None
El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador	A UN member state	A None
Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea	A UN member state	A None
Eritrea – State of Eritrea	A UN member state	A None
Estonia – Republic of Estonia	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia	A UN member state	A None	Ethiopia is a federation of 9 regions and 2 chartered cities.
Fiji – Republic of Fiji	A UN member state	A None	Fiji contains 1 autonomous region, Rotuma.
Finland – Republic of Finland	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Åland is a neutral and demilitarised autonomous region of Finland.
France – French Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. French overseas regions/departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte and Réunion) are full, integral parts of France. The French Republic also includes the overseas territories of: Clipperton Island French Polynesia New Caledonia Saint-Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Wallis and Futuna French Southern and Antarctic Lands (includes the Antarctic claim of Adélie Land). Clipperton Island is a possession of the government. French sovereignty over Banc du Geyser, Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, Mayotte, and Tromelin Island is disputed in part by Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles and the Comoros.
Gabon – Gabonese Republic	A UN member state	A None
Gambia Gambia, The – Republic of the Gambia	A UN member state	A None
Georgia	A UN member state	A None	Georgia contains 2 autonomous regions, Adjara and Abkhazia. In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed.
Germany – Federal Republic of Germany	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Germany is a federation of 16 federated states (Länder).
Ghana – Republic of Ghana	A UN member state	A None
Greece – Hellenic Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Mount Athos is an autonomous part of Greece that is jointly governed by the multinational "Holy Community" on the mountain and a civil governor appointed by the Greek government.
Grenada	A UN member state	A None	Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.
Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala	A UN member state	A None
Guinea – Republic of Guinea	A UN member state	A None
Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau	A UN member state	A None
Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana	A UN member state	A None	All land west of the Essequibo River is claimed by Venezuela.
Haiti – Republic of Haiti	A UN member state	A None
Holy See → Vatican City	A UN member state	A None
Honduras – Republic of Honduras	A UN member state	A None
Hungary	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Iceland – Republic of Iceland	A UN member state	A None
India – Republic of India	A UN member state	A None	India is a federation of 28 states and 7 union territories. Indian sovereignty over Arunachal Pradesh is disputed by the People's Republic of China. India claims sovereignty over the whole of Kashmir, but administers only part of it as the federated state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia	A UN member state	A None	Indonesia has 3 provinces with official special autonomy status: Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Papua, and West Papua.
Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran	A UN member state	A None
Iraq – Republic of Iraq	A UN member state	A None	Iraq is a federation of 18 governorates, 3 of which make up the autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan.
Ireland	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. The Constitution of Ireland asserts the aspiration towards creating a United Ireland by peaceful means.
Israel – State of Israel	A UN member state	Not recognised by 33 states	In 1967, Israel occupied the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. These areas are not internationally-recognised as being part of Israel. Israel no longer has a permanent military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement, but is still considered the occupying power under international law. Israel is not recognised as a state by 32 UN members (including most Arab states) and by the SADR.
Italy – Italian Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Italy has 5 autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.
Ivory Coast → Côte d'Ivoire	A UN member state	A None
Jamaica	A UN member state	A None	Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm.
Japan	A UN member state	A None	Japan disputes Russian administration of the South Kuril Islands.
Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan	A UN member state	A None
Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan	A UN member state	A None
Kenya – Republic of Kenya	A UN member state	A None
Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati	A UN member state	A None
Korea, North – Democratic People's Republic of Korea	A UN member state	Claimed by South Korea	North Korea is not recognised by two UN members: Japan and South Korea.
Korea, South – Republic of Korea	A UN member state	B Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea	South Korea contains 1 autonomous region, Jeju-do. South Korea is not recognised by one UN member: North Korea.
ZZZKosovo → Kosovo	A UN member state	A None
Kuwait – State of Kuwait	A UN member state	A None
Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic	A UN member state	A None
Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic	A UN member state	A None
Latvia – Republic of Latvia	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Lebanon – Lebanese Republic	A UN member state	A None
Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho	A UN member state	A None
Liberia – Republic of Liberia	A UN member state	A None
Libya – State of Libya	A UN member state	A None
Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein	A UN member state	A None
Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Macedonia – Republic of Macedonia	A UN member state	A None	Because of the Macedonia naming dispute, the country is referred to by the UN and a number of states and international organizations as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia".
Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar	A UN member state	A None	Madagascar claims the French territories of Banc du Geyser, Juan de Nova Island, and the Glorioso Islands.
Malawi – Republic of Malawi	A UN member state	A None
Malaysia	A UN member state	A None	Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and 3 federal territories. Malaysia claims part of the Spratly Islands.
Maldives – Republic of Maldives	A UN member state	A None
Mali – Republic of Mali	A UN member state	A None
Malta – Republic of Malta	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands	A UN member state	A None	Under Compact of Free Association with the United States.
Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania	A UN member state	A None
Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius	A UN member state	A None	Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues. Mauritius claims the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French island of Tromelin.
Mexico – United Mexican States	A UN member state	A None	Mexico is a federation of 31 states and 1 federal district.
Micronesia, Federated States of	A UN member state	A None	Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Federated States of Micronesia is a federation of 4 states.
Moldova – Republic of Moldova	A UN member state	A None	Moldova has the autonomous regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria, the latter of which has established a de facto state.
Monaco – Principality of Monaco	A UN member state	A None
Mongolia	A UN member state	A None
Montenegro	A UN member state	A None
Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco	A UN member state	A None	Morocco claims sovereignty over Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Morocco disputes Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta, Melilla and the "Plazas de soberanía".
Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique	A UN member state	A None
Myanmar → Burma	A UN member state	A None
ZZZNagorno-Karabakh → Nagorno-Karabakh	A UN member state	A None
Namibia – Republic of Namibia	A UN member state	A None
Nauru – Republic of Nauru	A UN member state	A None
Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal	A UN member state	A None	Nepal is a federation composed of 14 zones.
Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of four constituent countries: Netherlands Aruba Curaçao Sint Maarten The monarch and her ministers form the government of the kingdom as well as the government of the country the Netherlands. Following the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles in 2010, Curaçao and Sint Maarten have become constituent countries, which, alongside Aruba, enjoy considerable autonomy. The other three islands (Bonaire, Saba, Sint Eustatius) became special municipalities of the Netherlands. The designation "Netherlands" can refer to either one of the Kingdom's constituent countries or to the short name for the Kingdom (e.g., in international organizations). The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law applies only to parts within Europe.
New Zealand	A UN member state	A None	New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm and has responsibilities for (but has no sovereignty over) two freely associated states: Cook Islands Niue The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with 31 and 6 UN members respectively. They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN, and are members of some UN specialized agencies. New Zealand has the dependent territories of: Ross Dependency Tokelau The Tokelauan government claims sovereignty over Swains Island, part of American Samoa, a territory of the United States. New Zealand does not recognize the Tokelauan claim.
Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua	A UN member state	A None	Claims the San Andrés archipelago, part of Colombian territorial waters Nicaragua contains 2 autonomous regions, Atlántico Sur and Atlántico Norte.
Niger – Republic of Niger	A UN member state	A None
Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria	A UN member state	A None	Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory.
ZZZNiue → Niue	A UN member state	A None
ZZZNorthern Cyprus → Northern Cyprus	A UN member state	A None
North Korea → Korea, North	A UN member state	A None
Norway – Kingdom of Norway	A UN member state	A None	Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Svalbard Treaty. Norway has the dependent territories of: Bouvet Island Peter I Island Queen Maud Land
Oman – Sultanate of Oman	A UN member state	A None
Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan	A UN member state	A None	Pakistan is a federation of 4 provinces, 1 capital territory, and tribal regions. Pakistan disputes Indian sovereignty over Kashmir. It exercises control over some areas, but does not explicitly claim any part of it, instead regarding it as a disputed territory. The portions that it controls are divided into two polities, administered separately from Pakistan proper: Azad Kashmir Gilgit–Baltistan
Palau – Republic of Palau	A UN member state	A None	Under Compact of Free Association with the United States.
Palestine – State of Palestine	A UN observer state; member of UNESCO	Disputed by Israel	The declared State of Palestine has received diplomatic recognition from 132 states. The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control on the territory that it proclaimed. The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO, and an observer state in the UN.
Panama – Republic of Panama	A UN member state	A None
Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea	A UN member state	A None	Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm with 1 autonomous region, Bougainville.
Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay	A UN member state	A None
Peru – Republic of Peru	A UN member state	A None
Philippines – Republic of the Philippines	A UN member state	A None	The Philippines contains one autonomous region, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. There has been efforts to establish the Cordillera Administrative Region as an autonomous region as well, however in the last referendum of 1998, the people of the Cordillera region voted against the proposition. The Philippines administers Scarborough Shoal and some of the Spratly Islands, and claims sovereignty over Sabah, which is part of Malaysia.
Poland – Republic of Poland	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Portugal – Portuguese Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Portugal contains 2 autonomous regions, Azores and Madeira. Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over Olivenza and Táliga.
Pridnestrovie → Transnistria	A UN member state	A None
Qatar – State of Qatar	A UN member state	A None
Republic of Korea → Korea, South	A UN member state	A None
Republic of the Congo → Congo, Republic of the	A UN member state	A None
Romania	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Russia – Russian Federation	A UN member state	A None	Russia is officially a federation of 83 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics. Sovereignty over the South Kuril Islands is disputed by Japan.
Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda	A UN member state	A None
ZZZSahrawi Arab Democratic Republic → Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	A UN member state	A None
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis	A UN member state	A None	Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm and is a federation of 14 parishes.
Saint Lucia	A UN member state	A None	Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	A UN member state	A None	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.
Samoa – Independent State of Samoa	A UN member state	A None
San Marino – Republic of San Marino	A UN member state	A None
São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe	A UN member state	A None	São Tomé and Príncipe contains 1 autonomous province, Príncipe.
Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia	A UN member state	A None
Senegal – Republic of Senegal	A UN member state	A None
Serbia – Republic of Serbia	A UN member state	A None	Serbia contains 2 autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo and Metohija. Most of the latter is under the de facto control of the Republic of Kosovo.
Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles	A UN member state	A None	Seychelles claims the British Indian Ocean Territory.
Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone	A UN member state	A None
Singapore – Republic of Singapore	A UN member state	A None
Slovakia – Slovak Republic	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Solomon Islands	A UN member state	A None	The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.
Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia	A UN member state	A None	Somalia is presently divided with its official government (TFG) controlling only part of the country. Puntland and Galmudug have declared themselves as autonomous regions of Somalia (a claim that the TFG does not recognise),^{[need quotation to verify]} while Somaliland has formed an unrecognised de facto state.
ZZZSomaliland → Somaliland	A UN member state	A None
South Africa – Republic of South Africa	A UN member state	A None
South Korea → Korea, South	A UN member state	A None
ZZZSouth Ossetia → South Ossetia	A UN member state	A None
South Sudan – Republic of South Sudan	A UN member state	A None	South Sudan is a federation of 10 states. Disputes Abyei with the Republic of the Sudan.
Spain – Kingdom of Spain	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. Spain is divided into autonomous communities and cities. Sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas is disputed by Morocco. Sovereignty over Olivenza and Táliga is disputed by Portugal. Spain calls for sovereignty over Gibraltar.
Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka	A UN member state	A None	Formerly known as Ceylon.
Sudan – Republic of the Sudan	A UN member state	A None	Sudan is a federation of 17 states. Disputes Abyei and Kafia Kingi with South Sudan.
ZZZSudan, South → South Sudan	A UN member state	A None
Suriname – Republic of Suriname	A UN member state	A None
Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland	A UN member state	A None
Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU.
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation	A UN member state	A None	Switzerland is a federation of 26 cantons.
Syria – Syrian Arab Republic	A UN member state	A None	Israel occupies the Golan Heights.
ZZZTaiwan (Republic of China) → Taiwan	A UN member state	A None
Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan	A UN member state	A None	Tajikistan contains 1 autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.
Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania	A UN member state	A None	Tanzania contains 1 autonomous region, Zanzibar.
Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand	A UN member state	A None
Timor-Leste → East Timor	A UN member state	A None
Togo – Togolese Republic	A UN member state	A None
Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga	A UN member state	A None
ZZZTransnistria → Transnistria	A UN member state	A None
Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago	A UN member state	A None	Trinidad and Tobago contains 1 autonomous region, Tobago.
Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia	A UN member state	A None
Turkey – Republic of Turkey	A UN member state	A None
Turkmenistan	A UN member state	A None
Tuvalu	A UN member state	A None	Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.
Uganda – Republic of Uganda	A UN member state	A None
Ukraine	A UN member state	A None	Ukraine contains 1 autonomous region, Crimea.
United Arab Emirates	A UN member state	A None	The United Arab Emirates is a federation of 7 emirates.
United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	A UN member state	A None	Member of the EU. The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm consisting of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories: Akrotiri and Dhekelia Anguilla Bermuda British Indian Ocean Territory (disputed by Mauritius and Seychelles) British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Falkland Islands (claimed by Argentina) Gibraltar (status disputed by Spain) Montserrat Pitcairn Islands Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Turks and Caicos Islands British Antarctic Territory (disputed by Argentina and Chile) The British monarch has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies: Guernsey, with three dependencies: Alderney Herm Sark Isle of Man Jersey
United States – United States of America	A UN member state	A None	The United States is a federation of 50 states, 1 federal district, and the incorporated territory of Palmyra Atoll. The United States has sovereignty over the following inhabited possessions and commonwealths: American Samoa (including Swains Island, disputed by Tokelau) Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands It also has sovereignty over several uninhabited territories: Baker Island Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Navassa Island (claimed by Haiti) Wake Island The United States asserts claims to Colombian-controlled Bajo Nuevo Bank and Serranilla Bank.
Uruguay – Oriental Republic of Uruguay	A UN member state	A None
Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan	A UN member state	A None	Uzbekistan contains 1 autonomous region, Karakalpakstan.
Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu	A UN member state	A None
Vatican City – Vatican City State	A UN observer state; member of multiple UN specialized agencies and the IAEA	A None	Administered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity with diplomatic ties to 179 states. The Holy See is a member of the IAEA, ITU, UPU, and WIPO and a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of "Non-member State") and multiple other UN System organizations. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Archdiocese of Rome and ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. The Holy See also administers a number of extraterritorial properties in Italy.
Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela	A UN member state	A None	Venezuela is a federation of 23 states, 1 capital district, and federal dependencies.
Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam	A UN member state	A None	Vietnam claims sovereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands.
Yemen – Republic of Yemen	A UN member state	A None
Zambia – Republic of Zambia	A UN member state	A None
Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe	A UN member state	A None
ZZZ↑ UN member states and observer states ↑	A ZZZ	ZZZ
ZZZ	AB	B
ZZZ↓ Other states ↓	D AAA	ZZZ
Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia	D No membership	B Claimed by Georgia	Recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Venezuela, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.
Cook Islands	D Member of multiple UN specialized agencies	A None	A state in free association with New Zealand, the Cook Islands has diplomatic relations with 33 other states. The Cook Islands is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity. It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship.
Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo	D Member of the IMF and WBG	Claimed by Serbia	Kosovo unilaterally declared independence in 2008 and it has received diplomatic recognition from 99 UN member states and Taiwan. Pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo is formally under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo. Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo.
Nagorno-Karabakh – Nagorno-Karabakh Republic	D No membership	Claimed by Azerbaijan	A de facto independent state, recognised only by Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.
Niue	D Member of multiple UN specialized agencies	A None	A state in free association with New Zealand, Niue has relations with eight other states. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity. It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship.
Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	D No membership	Claimed by Cyprus	Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. In addition, the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic regards TRNC as sovereign but Azerbaijan has not followed suit. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	D No membership	Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali	Recognised by 84 UN member states, 33 of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the African Union and the Asian-African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian-African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria.
Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland	D No membership	Claimed by Somalia	A de facto independent state, not diplomatically recognised by any other state, claimed in whole by the Federal Republic of Somalia.
South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia	D No membership	B Claimed by Georgia	A de facto independent state, recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Venezuela, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.
Taiwan – Republic of China	D No membership	Claimed by the People's Republic of China	A state competing for recognition with the People's Republic of China as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and parts of the Spratly Islands, and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the mainland. The Republic of China is recognised by 22 UN member states and the Holy See as of 2011. The territory of the Republic of China is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China. The Republic of China participates in international organizations under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly "Chinese Taipei" and in the WTO it has full membership. The Republic of China was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the security council. See China and the United Nations.
Transnistria – Transnistrian Moldovan Republic (Pridnestrovie, Trans-Dniester)	D No membership	Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali	A de facto independent state, recognised only by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Claimed in whole by Moldova as the Territorial Unit of Transnistria.
ZZZ↑ Other states ↑	D ZZZ	ZZZ
ZZZZ	ZZZZ	ZZZZ

Criteria for inclusion [edit]

The dominant customary international law standard of statehood is the declarative theory of statehood that defines the state as a person of international law if it "possess[es] the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states." Debate exists on the degree to which recognition should be included as a criterion of statehood. The declarative theory of statehood, an example of which can be found in the Montevideo Convention, argues that statehood is purely objective and recognition of a state by other states is irrelevant. On the other end of the spectrum, the constitutive theory of statehood defines a state as a person under international law only if it is recognised as sovereign by other states. For the purposes of this list, included are all states that either:

(a) have declared independence and are often regarded as having control over a permanently populated territory

(b) are recognised as a sovereign state by at least one other sovereign state

Note that in some cases there is a divergence of opinion over the interpretation of the first point, and whether an entity satisfies it is disputed.

On the basis of the above criteria, this list includes the following 206 entities:

203 states recognised by at least one UN member state
Two states that control a permanently populated territory and are recognised only by non-UN member states: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Transnistria
One state that controls a permanently populated territory and is not recognised by any other state: Somaliland

Notes [edit]

This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations. It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed. Minor territorial disputes are detailed in the Further information.. column.
The member states of the European Union have transferred part of their sovereignty in the form of legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU, which is an example of supranationalism. The EU has 27 member states.
Information is included on:
- the extent to which a state's sovereignty is recognised internationally. More information can be found at List of states with limited recognition,
- membership in the European Union, where applicable,
- any overseas dependencies, if applicable, which are generally not part of the territory of the sovereign state,
- federal structure of the state, where applicable. More information can be found at Federated state,
- any autonomous areas inside the territory of the sovereign state,
- any situations where one person is the Head of State of more than one state,
- any major territorial disputes,
- any governments in exile recognised by at least one state.
Commonwealth realms are members of the Commonwealth of Nations in which the head of state is Queen Elizabeth II. The realms are sovereign states; see Relationship of the realms.
For more information on divisions with a high degree of autonomy, see the List of autonomous areas by country.
The Argentine Constitution (Art. 35) recognises the following denominations for Argentina: "United Provinces of the Río de la Plata", "Argentine Republic" and "Argentine Confederation"; furthermore, it establishes the usage of "Argentine Nation" for purposes of legislation.
The continent of Antarctica, including its outlying islands south of 60°S, are held in abeyance under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty System. Under this treaty, territorial claims in this region are neither recognised nor disputed. Claimant countries are Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom, with all those save Argentina and Chile mutually recognising each others claims.
Formerly referred to as Dahomey, its official name until 1975.
For more information about the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, see Dayton Agreement and the text of The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (14 December 1995). Office of the High Representative. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
The sovereignty over the Spratly Islands is disputed by China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and in part by Brunei, Malaysia, and the Philippines. Except for Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands (see List of territorial disputes).
Also known as Burkina; formerly referred to as Upper Volta, its official name until 1984.
Burma's official short form name as used by the United Nations is "Myanmar". The government changed the state's official name in English from "Union of Myanmar" to "Republic of the Union of Myanmar" in October 2010.
The legal name for Canada is the sole word; an officially sanctioned, though disused, name is Dominion of Canada (which includes its legal title); see: Name of Canada, Dominion.
The People's Republic of China (PRC) is commonly referred to as "China", while the Republic of China (ROC) is commonly referred to as "Taiwan". The ROC is also occasionally known diplomatically as Chinese Taipei, along with other names.
See also Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China and Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China.
In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC and the ROC withdrew from the UN. Most states recognise the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
Sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed between India and Pakistan; smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and the PRC. See the List of territorial disputes.
The Chinese sovereignty over the Paracel Islands is disputed by Vietnam and the Republic of China (see List of territorial disputes);
More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.
Also known as Congo-Kinshasa. Formerly referred to as Zaire, its official name from 1971 to 1997.
Also known as Congo-Brazzaville.
A simpler official short-form name has been encouraged by the Czech government: the English variant Czechia remains uncommon, but variants in Czech (Česko) and some other languages are more popular. See Name of the Czech Republic
The government of East Timor uses "Timor-Leste" as the English translation.
Åland was demilitarised by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
Also known as Guinea-Conakry.
The Irish state is often referred to as the Republic of Ireland (its official description but not its name). Sometimes this is done to distinguish the state from the island of Ireland as a whole. However, sometimes it is done for political reasons and is contentious.
Both North Korea and South Korea claim to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. See also Foreign relations of North Korea and Foreign relations of South Korea.
The non-state sovereign entity Order of Malta is not included. It claims neither statehood nor any territory. Entities considered to be micronations are not included. It is often up to debate whether a micronation truly controls its claimed territory. Also omitted from this list are all uncontacted peoples, either who live in societies that cannot be defined as states or whose statuses as such are not definitively known.

References [edit]

Press Release ORG/1469 (3 July 2006). "United Nations Member States". United Nations. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
"Andorra country profile". BBC News. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
Government of Antigua and Barbuda. "Chapter 44: The Barbuda Local Government Act". Laws of Antigua and Barbuda. Retrieved 2010-11-10.
"Disputes – International". CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
Government of the United States, Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (1989). Polar prospects: a minerals treaty for Antarctica. United States Government Printing Office. p. 43. ISBN - get this book. "Mutual recognition of claims has been limited to Australia, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom ... Chile and Argentina do not recognize each other's claims ..."
Pakistan Worldview – Report 21 – Visit to Azerbaijan Senate of Pakistan - Senate foreign relations committee, 2008
Nilufer Bakhtiyar: "For Azerbaijan Pakistan does not recognise Armenia as a country" 13 September 2006 [14:03] – Today.Az
Europa, retrieved 28 February 2011
"Myanmar gets new flag, official name, anthem". Reuters. 21 October 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2010.
Constitution of Comoros, Art. 1.
See Republic of Turkey Ministry for European Union Affairs Retrieved June 12, 2012.
"Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji (1978 ed.). Suva, Fiji: Government of Fiji. 1927. Retrieved 2010-07-10. ^{[dead link]}
Government of Fiji, Office of the Prime Minister (1978). "Chapter 122: Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji. University of the South Pacific. Retrieved 2010-11-10.
Constitution of Greece, Art. 105.
Source: Iraqi constitution
"Constitution of Ireland – Burnreacht na hÉireann". Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011. "Article 3: It is the firm will of the Irish Nation...to unite all the people who share the territory of the island of Ireland...recognising that a united Ireland shall be brought about only by peaceful means"
Occupied territory:
- "Israeli-occupied Golan Heights" (Central Intelligence Agency. CIA World Factbook 2010, Skyhorse Publishing Inc., 2009. pg. 339. - get this book.)
- "...the United States considers the Golan Heights to be occupied territory subject to negotiation and Israeli withdrawal..." ("title=CRS Issue Brief for Congress: Israeli-United States Relations", Congressional Research Service, April 5, 2002. pg. 5. Retrieved August 1, 2010.) * "Occupied Golan Heights" (Travel advice: Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Retrieved August 1, 2010.) * "In the ICRC's view, the Golan is an occupied territory." (ICRC activities in the occupied Golan during 2007, International Committee of the Red Cross, April 24, 2008.) * "...occupied Syrian Golan Heights..." (The Arab Peace Initiative, 2002, www.al-bab.com. Retrieved August 1, 2010.) * In 2008, a plenary session of the United Nations General Assembly voted by 161–1 in favour of a motion on the "occupied Syrian Golan" that reaffirmed support for UN Resolution 497. (General Assembly adopts broad range of texts, 26 in all, on recommendation of its fourth Committee, including on decolonization, information, Palestine refugees, United Nations, December 5, 2008.)
Gold, Dore; Institute for Contemporary Affairs (26 August 2005). "Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza is Still "Occupied" Even After Israel Withdraws". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 5, No. 3. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Bell, Abraham (28 January 2008). "International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 7, No. 29. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
"Address by Foreign Minister Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference" (Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. 22 January 2008. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Salih, Zak M. (17 November 2005). "Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status". University of Virginia School of Law. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
"Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation". Human Rights Watch. 29 October 2004. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
"Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea". Retrieved 2008-10-27.
Keun Min. "Greetings". Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Retrieved 2010-11-10.
Federal Foreign Office of Germany (November 2009). "Beziehungen zu Deutschland". Government of Germany. Retrieved 2010-07-16. For more information, see Foreign relations of the Cook Islands.
China Internet Information Centre (13 December 2007). "Full text of joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Niue". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Republic of Nauru Permanent Mission to the United Nations. "Foreign Affairs". United Nations. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf
Radio New Zealand International (26 March 2007). "American Samoa governor ready to resist Tokelau's claim to Swains Island". Radio New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Government of New Zealand; Government of Tokelau (8 October 2007). "Draft Constitution of Tokelau – English". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Constitution of Pakistan, Art. 1.
Aslam, Tasnim (11 December 2006). "'Pakistan Does Not Claim Kashmir As An Integral Part...'". Outlook India (The Outlook Group).
Williams, Kristen P. (2001). Despite nationalist conflicts: theory and practice of maintaining world peace. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 154–155. ISBN - get this book.
Pruthi, R.K. (2001). An Encyclopaedic Survey Of Global Terrorism In 21St Century. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 120–121. ISBN - get this book.
Palestine Liberation Organization. "Road For Palestinian Statehood: Recognition and Admission". Negotiations Affairs Department. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
See the following on statehood criteria:
- Mendes, Errol (30 March 2010). Statehood and Palestine for the purposes of Article 12 (3) of the ICC Statute. 30 March 2010. pp. 28, 33. Retrieved 2011-04-17: "...the Palestinian State also meets the traditional criteria under the Montevideo Convention..."; "...the fact that a majority of states have recognised Palestine as a State should easily fulfill the requisite state practice".
- McKinney, Kathryn M. (1994). "The Legal Effects of the Israeli-PLO Declaration ofPrinciples: Steps Toward Statehood for Palestine". Seattle University Law Review (Seattle University) 18 (93): 97. Retrieved 2011-04-17: "It is possible, however, to argue for Palestinian statehood based on the constitutive theory".
- McDonald, Avril (Spring 2009). "Operation Cast Lead: Drawing the Battle Lines of the Legal Dispute". Human Rights Brief (Washington College of Law, Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law) 25. Retrieved 2011-04-17: "Whether one applies the criteria of statehood set out in the Montevideo Convention or the more widely accepted constitutive theory of statehood, Palestine might be considered a state."
"Non-member States and Entities". United Nations. 29 February 2008. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. "Arab States: Palestine". United Nations. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
Weller, Marc; Nobbs, Katherine (2010). Asymmetric Autonomy and the Settlement of Ethnic Conflicts. Philadelphia, United States: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN - get this book.
"Bilateral relations of the Holy See". Holy See website. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
"On the establishment of diplomatic relations between Republic of Abkhazia and Tuvalu. | The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Abkhazia". Mfaabkhazia.net. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
"Chavez Backs Abkhazia, South Ossetia". St. Petersburg Times. Associated Press. 27 July 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
"Абхазия, Южная Осетия и Приднестровье признали независимость друг друга и призвали всех к этому же" (in Russian). newsru.com. 2006-11-17. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
Krüger, Heiko (2010). The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Legal Analysis. Springer. p. 55. ISBN - get this book.
Nikoghosyan, Hovhannes (August 2010). "Kosovo ruling implications for Armenia and Azerbaijan". HULIQ.com (Hareyan Publishing, LLC). Retrieved 2011-04-17.
Вице-спикер парламента Абхазии: Выборы в НКР соответствуют всем международным стандартам: "Абхазия, Южная Осетия, НКР и Приднестровье уже давно признали независимость друг друга и очень тесно сотрудничают между собой", – сказал вице-спикер парламента Абхазии. ... "...Абхазия признала независимость Нагорно-Карабахской Республики..." – сказал он."
"In detail: The foreign policy of Pridnestrovie". Pridnestrovie. 2010-05-26. Retrieved 2010-06-29.
See Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
See The World Factbook|Cyprus (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
International Crisis Group (23 May 2006). "Somaliland: Time for African Union leadership". Africa Report (110): 10–13. Retrieved 2011-04-19
Mesfin, Berouk (September 2009). "The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland". ISS Paper (Institute for Security Studies) (200): 8. Retrieved 2011-04-19
Arieff, Alexis. "De Facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland". Yale Journal of International Affairs (Spring/Summer 2008). Retrieved 2011-04-17
See Regions and territories: Somaliland (30 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
Jansen, Dinah (2009). "The Conflict between Self-Determination and Territorial Integrity: the South Ossetian Paradigm". Geopolitics vs. Global Governance: Reinterpreting International Security (Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, University of Dalhousie): 222–242. ISBN - get this book
"Russia condemned for recognizing rebel regions". CNN.com (Cable News Network). 2008-08-26. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
"Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview". Taipei Times. 2008-10-08.
'See Regions and territories: Trans-Dniester (13 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
The following bullets are grouped according to the availability of sources for the two criteria ((a) and/or (b)). This arrangement is not intended to reflect the relative importance of the two theories. Additional details are discussed in the state's individual entries.

Bibliography [edit]

Federal Foreign Office of Germany (22 April 2009). "Amtliche Bezeichnungen ausländischer Staaten in den Landessprachen" (PDF). Government of Germany. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
Bissio, Roberto Remo, ed. (1995). The World: A Third World Guide: 1995/96. Montevideo: Instituto del Tercer Mundo. ISBN - get this book. OCLC 476299738.
"Countries or areas, codes and abbreviations". Statistics Division, United Nations. 1 April 2010.
Davis, Tim (19 February 2009). "World Countries and States List". Timdavis.com.au.
"Geographic Names". Department of Public Information, Cartographic Section, United Nations. 7 September 2000.
"ISO 3166-1 Country names and code elements". International Organization for Standardization. 2010.
"List of countries, territories and currencies". Publications Office of the European Union. 4 May 2010.
Madore, David (3 August 2003). "How many countries are there in the world?". Madore.org.
"The World Factbook". United States: Central Intelligence Agency. 2010.
World of Information (Firm), and International Chamber of Commerce (2003). Middle East Review 2003/04: The Economic and Business Report (27th ed.). London: Kogan Page. p. 161. ISBN - get this book. OCLC 51992589.

v t e Lists of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent

Continents	Africa Antarctica Asia Europe North America Oceania South America

Supercontinents	Americas Eurasia

v t e Lists by country

Lists of country-related topics	Categories Portals Countries and territories International rankings by country Maps Politics Religion Sovereign states

Codes	Call sign (ITU) prefixes Country calling codes FIFA country codes FIPS country codes Internet TLDs IOC country codes ISO country codes Ship prefixes

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Articles that include one or more maps are shown in italics.

Lists of sovereign states by year

AD (CE)

Current

1949
1948
1947
1946
1945
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1941
1940
1939
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1937
1936
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1933
1932
1931
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BC (BCE)

100 BC Centuries 1st BC 2nd BC 3rd BC 4th BC 5th BC 6th BC 7th BC 8th BC 9th BC 10th BC 11th BC Before 11th BC 18th BC

States with limited recognition

UN member states

Partially unrecognised	Armenia China Cyprus Israel North Korea South Korea

Non-UN member
states

Recognised by at least one UN member	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus Palestine Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic South Ossetia Taiwan

Recognised only by non-UN members	Nagorno-Karabakh Transnistria

Unrecognised	Somaliland

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