| Ava Gardner | |
|---|---|
 a 1953 publicity photo |
|
| Born | Ava Lavinia Gardner December 24, 1922 Smithfield, North Carolina, U.S |
| Died | January 25, 1990 (aged 67) Westminster, London, England |
| Cause of death | Pneumonia |
| Resting place | Sunset Memorial Park |
| Residence | Ennismore Gardens |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Rock Ridge High School |
| Alma mater | Atlantic Christian College |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1941–1986 |
| Spouse(s) | Mickey Rooney (1942–1943) Artie Shaw (1945–1946) Frank Sinatra (1951–1957) |
Ava Lavinia Gardner (December 24, 1922 – January 25, 1990) was an American actress. She was signed to a contract by MGM Studios in 1941 and appeared mainly in small roles until she drew attention with her performance in The Killers (1946). She became one of Hollywood's leading actresses, considered one of the most beautiful women of her day. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her work in Mogambo (1953).
She appeared in several high-profile films from the 1950s to 1970s, including The Hucksters (1947), Show Boat (1951), The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952), The Barefoot Contessa (1954), Bhowani Junction (1956), On the Beach (1959), Seven Days in May (1964), The Night of the Iguana (1964), The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean (1972), Earthquake (1974), and The Cassandra Crossing (1976). Gardner continued to act regularly until 1986, four years before her death in London in 1990 at the age of 67.
She is listed 25th among the American Film Institute's Greatest female stars.
Gardner was born in the farming community of Smithfield, Johnston County, North Carolina, the youngest of seven children (she had two brothers, Raymond and Melvin, and four sisters, Beatrice, Elsie Mae, Inez, and Myra). Her parents, Mary Elizabeth "Mollie" (née Baker) and Jonas Bailey Gardner, were poor cotton and tobacco farmers. Her ancestry was said to include Scots-Irish, English, Irish, French Huguenot, and American Indian (Tuscarora). She was raised a Baptist. While the children still were young, the Gardners lost their property, forcing Jonas Gardner to work at a sawmill and Mollie to begin working as a cook and housekeeper at a dormitory for teachers at the nearby Brogden School.
When Gardner was seven years old, the family decided to try their luck in a larger city, Newport News, Virginia, where Mollie Gardner found work managing a boarding house for the city's many shipworkers. While in Newport News, Gardner's father became ill and died from bronchitis in 1938, when Ava was 15 years old. After Jonas Gardner's death, the family moved to Rock Ridge near Wilson, North Carolina, where Mollie Gardner ran another boarding house for teachers. Gardner attended high school in Rock Ridge and she graduated from there in 1939. She then attended secretarial classes at Atlantic Christian College in Wilson for about a year.
Gardner was visiting her sister Beatrice ("Bappie") in New York in 1941 when Beatrice's husband Larry Tarr, a professional photographer, offered to take her portrait. He was so pleased with the results that he displayed the finished product in the front window of his Tarr Photography Studio on Fifth Avenue. A Loews Theatres legal clerk, Barnard "Barney" Duhan, spotted Gardner's photo in Tarr's studio. At the time, Duhan often posed as an MGM talent scout to meet girls, using the fact that MGM was a subsidiary of Loews. Duhan entered Tarr's and tried to get Gardner's number, but was rebuffed by the receptionist. Duhan made the offhand comment, "Somebody should send her info to MGM", and the Tarrs did so immediately. Shortly after, Gardner, who at the time was a student at Atlantic Christian College, traveled to New York to be interviewed at MGM's New York office by Al Altman, head of MGM's New York talent department. With cameras rolling, he directed the eighteen-year-old to walk toward the camera, turn and walk away, then rearrange some flowers in a vase. He did not attempt to record her voice because her Southern accent made it almost impossible for him to understand her. Though Al thought Ava the most beautiful woman he'd ever seen, he believed the test was a disaster and was completely surprised by what he saw in the screening room. On screen she was magnetic. The camera loved her. He sent the test to Hollywood. Louis B. Mayer, head of the studio, sent a telegram to Al: "She can't sing, she can't act, she can't talk, She's terrific!" She was offered a standard contract by MGM, and left school for Hollywood in 1941 with her sister Bappie accompanying her. MGM's first order of business was to provide her a speech coach, as her Carolina drawl was nearly incomprehensible to them.
Gardner came to prominence in the Mark Hellinger-produced smash hit film noir The Killers (1946), which introduced Burt Lancaster to the screen in the lead role.
Other films include The Hucksters (1947) with Clark Gable, Show Boat (1951), The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) with Gregory Peck, Lone Star (1952) with Clark Gable, Mogambo (1953) with Clark Gable and Grace Kelly, 1954's The Barefoot Contessa with Humphrey Bogart (which some consider to be Gardner's "signature film" since it mirrored her real life custom of going barefoot), Bhowani Junction (1956), The Sun Also Rises with Tyrone Power and Errol Flynn (in which she played party-girl Brett Ashley) (1957), and the film version of Nevil Shute's best-selling On the Beach with Peck and Fred Astaire. Off-camera, she could be witty and pithy, as in her assessment of director John Ford, who directed Mogambo ("The meanest man on earth. Thoroughly evil. Adored him!")
Gardner again appeared with Lancaster, this time paired with Kirk Douglas, in Seven Days in May (1962), a taut thriller about a military takeover of the US government. She found herself billed between Charlton Heston and David Niven in the epic 55 Days at Peking in 1963, a lavish version of the Chinese revolt against foreign control during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900.
The following year, she played her last great leading role in a superlative film, The Night of the Iguana (1964), based upon a Tennessee Williams play and starring Richard Burton as an atheist clergyman and Deborah Kerr as a gentle artist traveling with her aged poet grandfather. John Huston directed the movie in Puerto Vallarta Mexico, insisting on making the film in black and white, a decision he later regretted because of the vivid colors of the flora. Gardner received billing below Burton but above Deborah Kerr. Gardner was nominated for a BAFTA and a Golden Globe award for her hearty performance in this signature role.
Two years later, in 1966, Gardner briefly sought the role of Mrs. Robinson in Mike Nichols' The Graduate (1967). She reportedly called Nichols and said, "I want to see you! I want to talk about this Graduate thing!" Nichols never seriously considered her for the part, preferring to cast a younger woman (Anne Bancroft was 36 while Gardner was 45), but he did visit her hotel, where he later recounted that "she sat at a little French desk with a telephone, she went through every movie star cliché. She said, 'All right, let's talk about your movie. First of all, I strip for nobody.'"
Gardner moved to London, England in 1968, undergoing an elective hysterectomy to allay her worries of contracting the uterine cancer that had claimed the life of her own mother. That year, she made what some consider to be one of her best films, Mayerling, in which she played the supporting role of Austrian Empress Elisabeth of Austria opposite James Mason as Emperor Franz Joseph I.
She appeared in a number of disaster films throughout the 1970s, notably Earthquake (1974) with Charlton Heston, The Cassandra Crossing (1976), and the Canadian movie City on Fire (1979). She also appeared briefly as Lillie Langtry at the end of The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean (1972) with Paul Newman and Jacqueline Bisset, and in The Blue Bird (1976) with Elizabeth Taylor and Jane Fonda.
Her last movie was Regina Roma (1982), a direct-to-video release. In the 1980s she acted primarily on television, including the miniseries remake of The Long Hot Summer (1985) and the prime-time soap opera Knots Landing, also in 1985. In 1986 she appeared in her two final projects, the TV movies Harem and Maggie.
Soon after her arrival in Los Angeles, Gardner met fellow MGM contract player, Mickey Rooney. They married on January 10, 1942, in Ballard, California; she was 19 years old and he was 21; they divorced in 1943. He reputedly rhapsodized about their sex life later, but Gardner said, "He may have enjoyed the sex, but [goodness knows] I didn't." She once characterized their marriage as Love Finds Andy Hardy.
Gardner's second marriage was brief as well, to jazz musician and band leader, Artie Shaw, from 1945 to 1946.
Gardner's third and last marriage was to singer and actor, Frank Sinatra, from 1951 to 1957. She would later say in her autobiography that he was the love of her life. Sinatra left his wife, Nancy, for Gardner and their subsequent marriage made headlines. Sinatra was blasted by gossip columnists Hedda Hopper and Louella Parsons, the Hollywood establishment, the Roman Catholic Church, and by his fans for leaving his wife for a noted femme fatale. Gardner used her considerable influence, particularly with Harry Cohn's wife, to get Sinatra cast in his Oscar-winning role in From Here to Eternity (1953). That role and the award revitalized both Sinatra's acting and singing careers.
The Gardner–Sinatra marriage was tumultuous. Gardner confided to Artie Shaw, her second husband, that “With him [Frank] it’s impossible … it’s like being with a woman. He’s so gentle. It’s as though he thinks I’ll break, as though I’m a piece of Dresden china and he’s gonna hurt me.” During their marriage Gardner became pregnant twice, but she had two abortions. "MGM had all sorts of penalty clauses about their stars having babies," she said. She said years later, "We couldn't even take care of ourselves. How were we going to take care of a baby?" Gardner and Sinatra remained good friends for the rest of her life.
Gardner became a friend of businessman and aviator, Howard Hughes, in the early to mid-1940s and the relationship lasted into the 1950s. Gardner stated in her autobiography Ava: My Story, that she was never in love with Howard Hughes, but he was in and out of her life for about twenty years. Hughes's trust in Gardner was what kept their relationship alive. She describes him as "painfully shy, completely enigmatic and more eccentric...than anyone [she] had ever met."
After Gardner divorced Sinatra in 1957, she headed to Spain where she began a friendship with writer, Ernest Hemingway. While staying with Hemingway at his villa in San Francisco de Paula in Havana, Cuba, Gardner once swam alone without a swim suit in his pool. After watching her, Hemingway ordered his staff: "The water is not to be emptied". Gardner's friendship with Hemingway led to her becoming a fan of bullfighting and bullfighters, such as Luis Miguel Dominguín, who became her lover. "It was a sort of madness, honey," she said later of the time.
Gardner was also involved in a relationship with her live-in boyfriend and companion, American actor Benjamin Tatar, who worked in Spain as a foreign-language dubbing director. Tatar later wrote an autobiography in which he discussed his relationship with Gardner, though the book was never published.
While George C. Scott was divorced from Colleen Dewhurst, (1965-1967) he developed a stormy relationship with Gardner fueling their bouts with alcohol, continuing an age-old problem dating back to his military service.
After a lifetime of smoking, Gardner suffered from emphysema, a terminal disease, in addition to an auto-immune disorder (which may have been lupus).
Two strokes in 1986 left her partially paralyzed and bedridden. Although Gardner could afford her medical expenses, Sinatra wanted to pay for her visit to a specialist in the United States, and she allowed him to make the arrangements for a medically staffed private plane. Her last words (to her housekeeper, Carmen), were reportedly, "I'm so tired," before she died of pneumonia at the age of 67. Gardner died at her London home, 34 Ennismore Gardens, where she had lived since 1968.
Gardner was buried in the Sunset Memorial Park, Smithfield, North Carolina, next to her brothers and their parents, Jonas (1878–1938) and Mollie Gardner (1883–1943). The town of Smithfield now has an Ava Gardner Museum.
Gardner was nominated for an Academy Award for Mogambo (1953); the award was won by Audrey Hepburn for Roman Holiday. Her performance as Maxine Faulk in The Night of the Iguana (1964), was well reviewed, and she was nominated a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe.
Gardner has been portrayed by Marcia Gay Harden in the 1992 TV miniseries Sinatra, Deborah Kara Unger in HBO's 1998 television movie The Rat Pack, Kate Beckinsale in the 2004 Howard Hughes biopic, The Aviator and Anna Drijver in the 2012 Italian TV film Walter Chiari - Fino all'ultima risata.
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1941 | Fancy Answers | Girl at Recital | Short film Uncredited |
| 1941 | Strange Testament | Waitress | Uncredited |
| 1941 | Shadow of the Thin Man | Passerby | Uncredited |
| 1941 | H.M. Pulham, Esq. | Young Socialite | Uncredited |
| 1941 | Babes on Broadway | Audience member | Uncredited |
| 1942 | We Do It Because- | Lucretia Borgia | Short film Uncredited |
| 1942 | Joe Smith - American | Miss Maynard, Secretary | Uncredited |
| 1942 | This Time for Keeps | Girl in car lighting cigarette | Uncredited |
| 1942 | Kid Glove Killer | Car Hop | Uncredited |
| 1942 | Sunday Punch | Ringsider | Uncredited |
| 1942 | Calling Dr. Gillespie | Graduating student at Miss Hope's | Uncredited |
| 1942 | Mighty Lak a Goat | Girl at the Bijou box office | Short film |
| 1942 | Reunion in France | Marie, a salesgirl | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Hitler's Madman | Franciska Pritric, a Student | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Ghosts on the Loose | Betty | |
| 1943 | Young Ideas | Co-ed | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Du Barry Was a Lady | Perfume Girl | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Swing Fever | Receptionist | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Lost Angel | Hat Check Girl | Uncredited |
| 1944 | Two Girls and a Sailor | Dream Girl | Uncredited |
| 1944 | Three Men in White | Jean Brown | |
| 1944 | Maisie Goes to Reno | Gloria Fullerton | |
| 1944 | Blonde Fever | Bit Role | Uncredited |
| 1945 | She Went to the Races | Hilda Spotts | |
| 1946 | Whistle Stop | Mary | |
| 1946 | The Killers | Kitty Collins | |
| 1947 | Singapore | Linda Grahame/Ann Van Leyden | |
| 1947 | The Hucksters | Jean Ogilvie | |
| 1948 | One Touch of Venus | Venus | |
| 1949 | The Bribe | Elizabeth Hintten | |
| 1949 | The Great Sinner | Pauline Ostrovsky | |
| 1949 | East Side, West Side | Isabel Lorrison | |
| 1951 | Pandora and the Flying Dutchman | Pandora Reynolds | |
| 1951 | My Forbidden Past | Barbara Beaurevel | |
| 1951 | Show Boat | Julie LaVerne | |
| 1952 | Lone Star | Martha Ronda | |
| 1952 | The Snows of Kilimanjaro | Cynthia Green | |
| 1953 | Knights of the Round Table | Guinevere | |
| 1953 | Ride, Vaquero! | Cordelia Cameron | |
| 1953 | The Band Wagon | Herself | |
| 1953 | Mogambo | Honey Bear Kelly | Nominated - Academy Award for Best Actress |
| 1954 | The Barefoot Contessa | Maria Vargas | |
| 1956 | Bhowani Junction | Victoria Jones | Nominated - BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress |
| 1957 | The Little Hut | Lady Susan Ashlow | |
| 1957 | The Sun Also Rises | Lady Brett Ashley | |
| 1958 | The Naked Maja | Maria Cayetana, Duchess of Alba | |
| 1959 | On the Beach | Moira Davidson | Nominated - BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress |
| 1960 | The Angel Wore Red | Soledad | |
| 1963 | 55 Days at Peking | Baroness Natalie Ivanoff | |
| 1964 | Seven Days in May | Eleanor Holbrook | |
| 1964 | The Night of the Iguana | Maxine Faulk | Nominated - BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress Nominated - Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture Actress - Drama |
| 1966 | The Bible: In the Beginning | Sarah | |
| 1968 | Mayerling | Empress Elizabeth | |
| 1970 | Tam-Lin | Michaela Cazaret | |
| 1972 | The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean | Lily Langtry | |
| 1974 | Earthquake | Remy Royce-Graff | |
| 1975 | Permission to Kill | Katina Petersen | |
| 1976 | The Blue Bird | Luxury | |
| 1976 | The Cassandra Crossing | Nicole Dressler | |
| 1977 | The Sentinel | Miss Logan | |
| 1979 | City on Fire | Maggie Grayson | |
| 1980 | The Kidnapping of the President | Beth Richards | |
| 1981 | Priest of Love | Mabel Dodge Luhan | |
| 1982 | Regina Roma | Mama |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | A.D. | Agrippina | Miniseries |
| 1985 | Knots Landing | Ruth Galveston | 7 episodes |
| 1985 | The Long Hot Summer | Minnie Littlejohn | Television film |
| 1986 | Harem | Kadin | Television film |
| 1986 | Maggie | Diane Webb | Television film |
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